<content>
  <h2>
    <img src="&#xA;        /uk/ImageMachines/PageTitle.ashx/rendered.gif?text=Direct+fuel+injection+(DFI)&amp;mode=kbasetitle2" alt="Direct fuel injection (DFI)" />
  </h2>
  <div class="knowledgebaseWrapper" id="knowledgebaseWrapper">
    <div id="introImageKBase" class="introImage" style="background-image:url(http://files2.porsche.com/filestore.aspx/normal.jpg?pool=germany&amp;type=image&amp;id=997-2nd-c2-indetail-drive-dfi-xle&amp;lang=none&amp;filetype=normal&amp;version=e5223501-0519-4879-bf8f-98fa37548e88);background-position: 0 0; background-repeat: no-repeat;&quot;">
      <img src="http://files2.porsche.com/filestore.aspx/normal.jpg?pool=germany&amp;type=image&amp;id=997-2nd-c2-indetail-drive-dfi-xle&amp;lang=none&amp;filetype=normal&amp;version=e5223501-0519-4879-bf8f-98fa37548e88" style="width: 615px; height: 351px" alt="" />
    </div>
    <script type="text/javascript">
      <!--
            // <![CDATA[
            showFlash('/all/media/flash/kblayer_player.swf', 'introImageKBase', '615', '351', '8', '#FFFFFF', 'loop=true,menu=false,quality=high,wmode=transparent', "pool=international,playbuttontext=Play,videopath=/all/media/flash/videos/997-2nd/c2/dfi/english/large.flv,maintitle=Direct+fuel+injection+(DFI)");
            // ]]>
          -->
    </script>
    <div class="related_hidden"></div>
    <div class="innerContent">
      <p>With millisecond precision, DFI injects fuel at up to 120 bar directly into the combustion chamber by means of electromagnetically actuated injection valves.</p>
      <p>The spray and cone angles have been optimised for torque, power output, fuel consumption and emissions by enabling a homogeneous distribution of the air/fuel mixture, and, therefore, effective combustion. With direct injection, the EMS SDI 3.1 engine control regulates injection timing individually for each cylinder as well as the injection rate for each cylinder bank. This optimises the combustion process and fuel economy. A hot-film air mass meter takes care of the airflow, so that the combustion chambers contain exactly the right mixture at all times.</p>
      <p>At up to 3,200 rpm, the engine operates with dual injection; at up to 2,500 rpm, it even works with triple injection. The required volume of fuel is distributed between two or three sequential injections, respectively – for faster heating of the catalytic converters after a cold start and for greater torque in the upper load range.</p>
      <p>DFI improves the internal cooling of the combustion chamber by having the mixture prepared directly in the cylinder. This allows for a higher compression ratio (12.5:1) which helps to deliver more output along with enhanced engine efficiency. It has therefore been possible to reduce CO2 emissions by up to 15%, depending on the model.</p>
      <p>Injection is regulated by the electronic engine management system. The exhaust gas cleaning system ensures that emissions remain well below even the strict limits of the EU5 emission standard, thus helping to protect the environment.</p>
      <p class="footnote">Fuel consumption* of the 911 models: Urban in l/100 km: 18.9-11.2; Extra urban in l/100 km: 8.9-6.5; Combined in l/100 km: 12.4-8.2; Emissions in g/km: 289-194.</p>
      <p class="footnote">* These data were obtained using the Euro 5 measurement method (715/2007/EC and 692/2008/EC) in the NEDC (New European Driving Cycle) with standard equipment. The information does not refer to an individual vehicle and is not part of the offer, but is simply provided so that comparisons can be made between different types of vehicle. Further, up to date information on the individual vehicles can be obtained from your Porsche Centre.<br /><br />Consumption figures were obtained on the basis of standard equipment. Special equipment may affect consumption and performance.</p>
    </div>
  </div>
</content>